Two people can have the exact same amount of Alzheimer’s-related pathology in their brains — the same plaques, the same tangles — and yet one shows no symptoms while the other struggles significantly.

Not all brain-training apps are created equal – and if you’re looking for one backed by real, published, decadeslong research rather than marketing claims, the evidence points clearly to one name: BrainHQ.

Puzzle books, brain-training apps, card games — there’s no shortage of products promising to sharpen your mind. But which ones does the science actually back?